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Esoteric |
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Wiktionary, the free dictionary.For other uses, see Esoteric (disambiguation).For other uses, see Arcane series.Esotericism refers to the doctrines or practices of esoteric knowledge, or otherwise the quality or state of being described as esoteric, or obscure.Esoteric knowledge is that which is specialized or advanced in nature, available only to a narrow circle of "enlightened", "initiated", or highly educated people.Items pertaining to esotericism may be known as esoterica.Esoteric refers to anything that is inner.The term esoteric first appeared in English in the 1701 History of Philosophy by Thomas Stanley, in his description of the "Auditors of Pythagoras."The Pythagoreans were divided into "exoteric", which were under review, and "esoteric", which had performed well enough to be admitted into the "inner" circle.The term "esoteric" does not necessarily refer to "esotericism" per se in the sense of "inner" knowledge, disciplines, or practices.Nuances
Esotericism largely overlaps with "hidden knowledge."Some overlap exists as well between esotericism and mysticism.Scope
"Esotericism" sometimes suggests an additional element of initiation, for example the requirement that one be tested before learning the higher truth.Note however that most "esoteric" teachings are widely available, and indeed often actively promoted.For this reason a brief survey of some religious traditions follows.This is not necessarily the meaning of esotericism.Historical sketch of religious ideas
Esotericism is not a single tradition but a vast array of often unrelated figures and movements.Nevertheless, the following may be helpful.The Roman Empire gave birth not only to Christianity but also to a group of mystery religions which emphasized initiation.Acts 2:38 Peter replied, "Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins.Renaissance appropriations of it.While some people assume esotericism to be opposed to the Bible or Christianity, as a historical matter this tension did not arise until later.Indeed, Christianity contributed its own esoteric imagery, notably the Holy Grail from Arthurian literature.While many esoteric subjects have a history reaching back thousands of years, these have generally not survived as continuous traditions.European esotericism was reformulated in the 17th century as Rosicrucianism, and later entered various strands of Freemasonry.In the 19th century a notable French revival in turn gave way to the theosophy of H.Theosophy is also considered a major influence on the many current varieties of esotericism in metaphysical organizations, "Ascended Master Activities", and within the New Age groups.Yet another notable esoteric strain stems from the teachings of G.Rudolf Steiner, who broke with theosophy to found his own anthroposophy, spoke of a disagreement between esotericists at the close of the 19th century; one branch wanted to open up esoteric knowledge to the general public, while another group wished to maintain secrecy.Steiner himself claimed to stand in the lineage of those who wanted to make the esoteric an accepted part of mainstream culture.His first books, written in the 19th century, avoided any reference to esoteric themes, but he saw the 20th century as the dawn of a new age, when spirituality would be increasingly central to human development.Thus, he began to publish works such as 'Theosophy' and 'Occult Science' and to lecture on esoteric themes both to select audiences (members of the Anthroposophical Society or of his own esoteric school) and to the general public.Steiner's Anthroposophy has been called the "most important esoteric society in European history".Pierre Brach, Dictionary of Gnosis and Western Esotericism, 2 vols.Aries: Journal for the Study of Western Esotericism, Brill, Leiden, since 2001.Aries Book Series: Texts and Studies in Western Esotericism, Brill, Leiden, since 2006.Antoine Faivre, Access to Western Esotericism, SUNY Press, Albany 1994.Antoine Faivre, Theosophy, Imagination, Tradition: Studies in Western Esotericism, SUNY Press, Albany 2000.Hanegraaff, 'The Study of Western Esotericism: New Approaches to Christian and Secular Culture', in: Peter Antes, Armin W.Warne, New Approaches to the Study of Religion, vol.MA programs in Western esotericism.ESSWE European Society for the Study of Western Esotericism, with many links to associated organizations, libraries, scholars etc.An esoteric programming language (sometimes shortened to esolang) is a programming language designed as a test of the boundaries of computer programming language design, as a proof of concept, or as a joke.This use of esoteric is meant to distinguish these languages from more popular programming languages.Some more popular languages may appear esoteric (in the usual sense of the word) to some, and though these could arguably be called "esoteric programming languages" too, this is not what is meant.Usability is rarely a high priority for such languages; often quite the opposite.History
2 Esoteric programming terms
2.Internet community
4 Examples
5 References
6 External links
6.History
The earliest, and still the canonical example of an esoteric language was INTERCAL, designed in 1972 by James M.Lyon and Don Woods, with the stated intention of being unlike any other programming language the authors were familiar with.It parodies elements of established programming languages of the day, such as Fortran, COBOL, and assembly language.These include brainfuck (8 commands, all with 0 operands), OISC (1 command, 3 operands), and Thue (1 command, 2 operands).Language paradigm
The paradigm of a language can fall into a number of categories, and these categories are used to get a general understanding of the way that a specific language operates.Brainfuck, in which instructions describe how to change data; functional languages such as Unlambda, in which data and code are more or less interchangeable and execution is the repeated application of functions to the results of other functions; and rewriting languages such as Thue, in which transformation functions are applied to an initial state.Funges
A funge is an esoteric programming language which models its programs as metric spaces with coordinate systems (often, but not necessarily, Cartesian) and which execute instructions located at points in their program space by moving an instruction pointer (a position vector which indicates the currently executing instruction) through that space.Different instructions determine the direction in which the instruction pointer moves, and consequently, the sequence of instructions that is executed.Nondeterministic language
For a deterministic language, if one is given the current state of a program, the next state can always be predicted.Most languages are deterministic, because nondeterministic languages such as Java2K often give unreliable results, and getting even trivial programs to have a reliable output is often a monumental task.Nondeterministic languages have only a certain probability (less than unity) of behaving the way that they are expected to.More esoterically, nondeterministic algorithms have been employed in the theoretical investigation of hypercomputation.Examples include reMorse and Whirl, and arguably INTERCAL.Stateful encoding
A system of encoding programs such that each substring of the encoding is an instruction to locate the next instruction in a list.Internet community
There is a small but thriving community on the Internet of hobbyists who program in and design esoteric programming languages.Examples
Below are some characteristic examples of esoteric programming languages:
Befunge and its ilk allow the instruction pointer to roam in multiple dimensions through the code.Brainfuck is designed for extreme minimalism and leads to obfuscated code, with programs containing only 8 distinct characters.Chef is designed to make programs look like cooking recipes.This is actually a class of languages because one can define such a language for any given operation.Shakespeare is designed to make programs look like Shakespearean plays.Wiki dedicated to esoteric programming languages.Esoteric programming languages by Gerson Kurz.Esoteric programming languages by Sean Heber.Esoteric programming languages by Cliff L.Esoteric programming languages by Wouter van Oortmerssen.See Copyrights for details.Technological Fusion: The TEAC Corporation was founded in Japan in 1953.In the pursuit of excellence it is necessary to set aside perceived limitations and obstacles, apply all available resources and eliminate compromise at any cost.This is the design goal for all ESOTERIC products.To simply build the best products we know how to build; products that respond with absolute precision and sonic realism.All electronics are conceived, designed, engineered and manufactured in Japan, to provide the ultimate solution for reference quality audio and video reproduction.DVD's, without having to buy new software.All Esoteric players now include proprietary disc transport and optical systems providing highly accurate data retrieval."See a map of synonyms of esoteric in the Visual Thesaurus."This post is just a little note from us to let you know we're still breathing over here and to draw some attention to something some people take for granted...Dean's 30th birthday and more importantly, it will be the first time we have played together in quite a while.Over a year to be more precise, and by "we" we mean The Esoteric as we should be...AN UPDATE FROM THE ESOTERIC...Also, we have a new email newsletter coming together and we'd like to invite you to join up for THE ESOTERIC's Somnambulists For Subversion, Chapter 23 email newsletter...TUNESThanks a ton kiddos...SUBVERTER is IN STORES NOW!!The Esoteric has also posted new dates from their upcoming tour this fall, on the bands website, Myspace and Purevolume sites.The Eso is part of the magazine's "bootleg" series this month.So head over and LISTEN TO MORE NEW ESO SONGS NOW and be sure to catch the band out and about this fall.THE ESOTERIC UNVEIL NEW MUSIC FROM SUBVERTER; ANNOUNCE HEADLINING TOUR!The run will span the Western US and begins August 22 in Arlington Heights (Chicago), IL and wraps up on September 12 in St.THE ESOTERIC have been forced to cancel the remaining dates on their tour this month with AT ALL COST and VERSUS THE MIRROR due to insurmountable automotive and trailer troubles.One after another, problems we did not foresee came to light with our van and trailer and the sad truth is we just could not make ends meet to make all the needed repairs to continue.From the bottom of our black hearts, we are very sorry and will be coming back to your area very soon.THE ESOTERIC begin their headlining dates with MOUTH OF THE ARCHITECT on August 22 in Chicago, IL and wrap up September 12 in St."Subverter" is finished and we're out on the road again VERY soon with AT ALL COST and VERSUS THE MIRROR on the East Coast, Dirty South and Midwest in July...ERIC:
Working with Paul turned out to be a really great opportunity for us on this one.Westend and really knows how to do his thing there.While this seemed to me as somewhat limiting, it did create a completely unique mix for each song each time.Usually at this point Paul would tag me into the fight, I would jump on the chair and start editing the fuck out everything.Killing the space between tom strikes to eliminate crosstalk was usually first, bass, guitar and finally nudging around the vocals a bit and maybe sneaking in some fun edits if Paul wasn't in the room ;).We would then listen to the track about 600 times with Paul kookily staring at us for our reaction,(I used Jedi mind shield to block his crazy eye attack) then say, "Fuck it!Actually, that whole song is the highlight of the entire record for me.Steve (Stevie Cruz) totally freaking out in the control room of Studio B at Westend while Tulipana was recording.Stevie giggling behind me and talking about how he was going to pee his pants from ecstasy.By the end of it all, Tulipana's voice coming in on the "choruses" had this total David Bowie sound to it that spins you completely around when you first hear it.The best part in my opinion is the end where we created kind of a "duet" between the two Steves that still gives me chills when I hear it.He really came up with really unique ways of singing with our band that maintains our "esoteric" sound.Kansas bellowing out it.Jason was able to take care of a lot of the small but very pertinent issues we all had with the record.STEVIE:
I spent most of my time writing lyrics and plotting phrasing with the demos while the guys started tracking.Anyone interested in language or enjoys word play should check it out.Marshall finished the drums.Paul and the guys were getting from the strings.Working with Paul brought out a lot of color and new tones.One of our favorite bands ever.This time around everyone involved seemed to be thinking less and doing more off the cuff.Which give this batch of songs so much more attitude and urgency and overall rawness.Eric and I instantly started experimenting with the vocals.Paul's input really made the vocal sessions that much more potent and that much more hilarious.Sometimes he will sing sweet phrases into my headphones and expect me to imitate them.Like Jack Black says "record .And just to give the date even more awesomeness, guess who came in that day and laid down some serious guest vocal.STEVE "ACE OF MOTHERFUCKING SPACE" TULIPANA!There are so many things we did on this record that we have never done before and "Don't Waste Guts" takes the cake as far as THE ESO treading new territory.Cory and Eric and Paul really went all out in that department.On one of the last days of mixing Eric was working in another room for a chunk of the day and made the sickest intro to "Shipyards of Foreign Cities."During this time I took some photos and just marinated with all the amazing sounds that were popping out of the speaker.ANTHONY:
The first day of recording for me was spent just getting tones and deciding what amps we wanted to use.We decided on using my Mesa 400+ through an Ampeg 8x10 cabinet and an Orange guitar head through an Orange 4x12 guitar cabinet.We then blended a bass DI for our clean tones.The Cassidy not only stayed in tune better but was a lot more comfortable than the P Bass, so we finished tracking the record using the Jack Cassidy.It was also nice to have another bassist around to bounce around ideas with.CORY:
After completing the drum tracks I returned to my house to meditate on the probability that the North American bipedal "skunk ape" does in fact exist in Florida as we speak.It also inspired me to go for a more naturally gainy and gritty guitar sound.We did all of the guitar tracks in Kansas City about 35 minutes from my house so it left me a little time in the car to stew about my master plan of capturing the skunk ape and being the first man to ever "bring home the bacon" so to speak to the scientific assholes that doubt his very existence.Paul ended up spending a lot of time laying down cool keyboard stuff to beef the record up sonically and all around make it more like Bigfoot.July and it should be a lot of fun.MARSHALL:
After an overnight haul of no sleep, due to a show with brown sound stalwarts Torche, and dealing with trailer issues resulting in last minute preparations to change heads and tune drums, I finally arrived at Black Lodge exhausted and eager to begin tracking our new songs.With them being so fresh and new, there were a couple that I had left open to interpretation once I knew we could focus and concentrate on them.We spent most of the day executing the usual first day business of setting up the kit and then finding suitable mic placements around the room and kit.Not saying that the tracks we had already laid were bad, but that he felt we could do better by getting an entire other kit for use in the rest of the sessions.It has superb resonant tone qualities and exceptional depth, especially in the studio setting, so I tried not to take offense to the suggestion of using a different kit.Custom kick drum that belonged to Black Lodge owner and former Get Up Kids drummer Ryan Pope.Compared to my 22" kick, it did possess great projection and boom in the room.This proved to be a huge improvement and worthwhile change.This fucker cracked and trembled earballs.Custom maple rack tom tuned slightly lower than mine.So, I managed to get one done that was the newest of them all and we spent the rest of the day trying different arrangements until I was satisfied.Walking into day three, I felt like I had a bit of catching up to do.Paul's more laid back style of engineering compared to my previous experience with Mr.Ed Rose, who if anyone is not familiar with his demeanor or ethic, can be very foreboding and somewhat intimidating at times, IF you have not already established a trustworthy working relationship with him as I had.This made working with Paul a bit easier, but it also made me have to be on my own toes a bit more, rely on my own ear for tightness in the "metal" sections, and watch for things that I was comfortable with Ed editing on the fly if a millisecond off.In this new scenario, Paul is a "rock" guy.This does open up a lot of new possibilities for this record, as it is a further evolution of The Esoteric and I feel displays us coming into our own, having found and discovered our own sound, what we do well, what we do not do so well, and doing what is natural.And all of this combined with the amount of time we had to write this record after spending the last year on the road non stop, these songs are way more focused, direct, to the point, no clutter or bullshit.It is us, The Esoteric.Once we started moving along, the tracks continued being laid down at an impressive rate.By the end of Wednesday, I had tracked all of the songs.Now, it is everyone else's turn.We took those to Run Riot studios in Shawnee, KS and have been tracking everything else for the last few weeks and everything is coming together...We though we'd share this wonderful news with you...Lawrence, KS innovators THE ESOTERIC have begun work on their sophomore release for Prosthetic Records, entitled Subverter.Engineer Paul Malinowski (SHINER, OPEN HAND, SEASON TO RISK, etc.With the Sureness of Sleepwalking, Subverter will be mixed at KCMO's West End Recording Studios and is slated for a tentative fall 2006 release date through Prosthetic Records.Vocalist Steve Cruz comments, "Subverter is the next chapter for The Esoteric.We are making this record to challenge the beliefs and ideas of ourselves and of the listener, and to spite the general lack of integrity that's been infecting these so called scenes."For the latest news and tour information, please visit the bands official website:
www.YOUR NEW BURDEN Video now available!The video was also added to both MTV2 and FUSE, so get on the horn and let 'em know you want to see it on TV!Directed by Matt Bass for Factory Features
Get this video and more at MySpace.Holy crap it's been a while...But seriously, it's SO worthwhile to rock for you guys...The video for "Your New Burden" got accepted to MTV2 and we're just waiting for the premiere date, so get on the horn and request that action!What you might NOT know is that TODAY, JANUARY 6th is your last chance to vote!!We appreciate the MASSIVE support so far...Also, we just posted a new mix of Your New Burden on the Myspace player..."Your New Burden" is available on our Myspace player NOW!The reworking comes courtesy of Ed Rose (Get Up Kids, Coalesce, Motion City Soundtrack) at Black Lodge Recording.It's sharper, richer and a little fancier...We would really love your help, so we made a banner for the contest to post on your site!Hello everyone, huge news!THE ESOTERIC will be hitting the road once again for a MAJOR US trek (that includes YOU California, know you've been waiting!SCARLET, CALICO SYSTEM and FIGHT PARIS are our tourmates for this one and the tour will run from January 13 in Virginia Beach through February 25 in Indianapolis, IN.Recently, COACHELLA FESTIVAL opened a voting blog on MYSPACE for bands to perform at the 2006 festival and we're asking all our people to vote for us!!Here's a LINK to the voting blog.Welcome to THE ESOTERIC's new website!Many thanks to Dean of Machine Management and Andy Cummings of Design Politik for making this website happen.TON of killer tours lined up for you in the fall with EVERY TIME I DIE and HIGH ON FIRE as well as FROM AUTUMN TO ASHES and BOYSETSFIRE!THE ESOTERIC begins the Dirty Black Summer tour tonight with labelmates HIMSA and support from The Agony Scene and additional support from Scars of Tomorrow and Full Blown Chaos on selected dates!THE ESOTERIC added to WARPED TOUR, video debuts on FUSE!THE ESOTERIC will be joining the Vans WARPED TOUR this summer for the East Coast dates running from Florida to New York.Check out our custom skate deck available from Hooligan online.THE ESOTERIC's new record, With The Sureness of Sleepwalking, is in stores now!Spread the love around and send it to your friends!Faced Boy Video Finished!The video was directed by Matt Bass (Time In Malta, Rasputina) for Factory Features and was shot last month outside of Los Angeles, CA.Look for debuts on MTV2 and Fuse soon.With The Sureness Of Sleepwalking is in stores this Tuesday, April 19th."With the Sureness of Sleepwalking" will be IN STORES THIS TUESDAY (APRIL 19)!CD online NOW at Prostheticrecords.Secret Lives and Still Life Projector.With the Sureness of Sleepwalking is IN STORES ON APRIL 19!THE ESOTERIC's HOME BURNS TO THE GROUND!This morning around 3 AM, THE ESOTERIC's home, studio and practice space went up in flames and burned to the ground, leaving three members of the band homeless without food or clothes and destroying all of the band's equipment, merchandise, cash box and recording gear.Fortunately, no one was injured in the fire.As of now, THE ESOTERIC plan on continuing with all tour plans for March, April and May.We're happy to be alive."NEW advance music posted!Faced Boy" and is available for listening on our Myspace.Alright West Coasters, we're headed your way.Tour starts March 10 in Kansas City and ends March 26 in Oklahoma City.Now, you've probably already guessed that the cover is a split between Hawthorne Heights and Matchbook Romance, but even if you don't like either of those bands (and if that's the case, we need to have a talk with you), there are 98 others inside just waiting for you to fall in love with them.Scatter The Ashes, Emanuel, Cartel, Melee, Torche, Jesu, Brazil, The Esoteric...Also in this issue, we sit down with The Mars Volta and Paint It Black to talk about their new records, both of which completely rule; talk to Unwritten Law about life, death and the last time punk "broke"; gab about movies with Joshua Jackson and Vanessa Ferlito; go in the studio with Fall Out Boy, Norma Jean and more; and unearth 10 Essential Early Emo Records we don't even think the people who made them remember anymore.With the Sureness of Sleepwalking is due out April 19!Ed Rose (COALESCE, ULTIMATE FAKEBOOK, the GET UP KIDS) to commence recording, which will be completed by November 5.With the Sureness of Sleepwalking is slated for a 2005 street date through Prosthetic Records.Faced Boy", "This Is Dedicated to the Prettiest One" and "No Jazz Before the Rumble". |
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