| See also slit gong, and for other uses of the word, see gong (disambiguation).East Asian musical instrument that takes the form of a flat metal disc which is hit with a mallet.Javanese in origin but widespread throughout Asia.Gongs are broadly of three types.Suspended gongs are more or less flat, circular discs of metal suspended vertically by means of a cord passed through holes near to the top rim.Bossed gongs have a raised center boss and are often suspended and played horizontally.Gongs are made mainly from bronze or brass but there are many other alloys in use.Types of gong
2 Traditional suspended gongs
2.Modern orchestral gongs
3.Types of gong
Suspended gongs are played with beaters and are of two main types: flat faced discs either with or without a turned edge, and gongs with a raised center boss.In general, the larger the gong, the larger and softer the beater.The gong has been an anceint chinese custom for many eras.They are used to start the beginning of sumo wrestling contests.They were first used to signal peasant workers in from the fields as some gongs are loud enough to hear from up to 50 miles away.Large flat gongs may be 'primed' by lightly hitting them before the main stroke, greatly enhancing the sound and causing the instrument to "speak" sooner, with a shorter delay for the sound to "bloom".Keeping this priming stroke inaudible calls for a great deal of skill.MAGNUM OPUS OF THE GONG
Discovered 3500 B.Found in all parts of the earth in which smelting was employed.Cause of discovery, copper and tin melting together from the rocks which composed great bread ovens at the height of the preceding Agricultural Age.Ancient Sacred Gongs included pieces of meteorites that fell from the heavens.Spiritual and Cultural association: Buddha in 600 B.Mandarin Chinese Characters TAI LOI implying that when the gong is struck,"Happiness Arrives with a corresponding Spiritualization of matter".The return of gong consciousness to the world heralds the immanent return of the coming Buddha in the hearts of humanity under the name of Maitreya which means "Loving Kindness and Musical Resonance".Ancient Uses: An initiatory tool for enlightenment,etheric projection, and exorcism of negative spirits, the gong proclaimed the presence of spiritual royalty, kept the sick from dying, safely transported the deceased to their heavenly home, and was possibly employed in the levitation of heavy stones.Modern Discoveries: Gong tones add together and subtract to create a fullness of sound called functional harmony.Theory of Gong Philosophy: The gong is an engine of power releasing tone resonance and complex harmonics that are transferred to the recipient.It is an etheric opening of fullness.It simulates the paranormal experiences of yogic samadhi...It relieves the stress of life and revitalizes the immune and nervous system.The Familiar "Chinese" Gong (A 10" Chau Gong).By far the most familiar to most Westerners is the chau gong or bullseye gong.Sometimes a chau gong is referred to as a Chinese gong, but in fact it is only one of many types of suspended gongs that are associated with China.It is almost flat except for the rim, which is turned up to make a shallow cylinder.On a 10" gong, for example, the rim extends about a half an inch perpendicular to the gong surface.The centre spot and the rim of a chau gong are left coated on both sides with the black copper oxide that forms during the manufacture of the gong, the rest of the gong is polished to remove this coating.Chau gongs range in size from 7" to 80" in diameter.The earliest Chau gong is from a tomb discovered at the Guixian site in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China.It dates from the early Western Han Dynasty.Traditionally, chau gongs were used to clear the way for important officials and processions, much like a police siren today.Sometimes the number of strokes on the gong was used to indicate the seniority of the official.In this way, two officials meeting unexpectedly on the road would know before the meeting which of them should bow down before the other.Nipple gongs have a raised boss or nipple in the centre, often made of a different metal to the rest of the gong.They have a clear resonant tone with less shimmer than other gongs, and two distinct sounds depending on whether they are struck on the boss or next to it.Nipple gongs range in size from 6" to 14" or larger.Sets of smaller, tuned nipple gongs can be used to play a tune.Bau gong is a type of nipple gong used in Chinese temples for worship.Opera gongs
An essential part of the orchestra for Chinese opera is a pair of gongs, the larger with a descending tone, the smaller with a rising tone.The larger gong is used to announce the entrance of major players, of men, and to identify points of drama and consequence.The smaller gong is used to announce the entry of lesser players, of women, and to identify points of humour.Opera gongs range in size from 7" to 12", with the larger of a pair one or two inches larger than the smaller.It is used traditionally to announce the start of a performance, play or magic.Tiger gong
A tiger gong is a slightly descending or less commonly ascending gong, larger than an opera gong and with a less pronounced pitch shift.Most commonly 15" but available down to 8".Shueng Kwong
A Sheng Kwong gong is a medium to large gong with a sharp staccato sound.Wind gong
Wind gongs (also known as Feng or Lion Gongs) are flat bronze discs, with little fundamental pitch, heavy tuned overtones, and long sustain.Traditionally, a wind gong is played with a large soft mallet, which gives them a roaring crash to match their namesake.They are lathed on both sides and are medium to large in size, typically 15" to 22" but sizes from 7" to 40" are available.The 22" size is most popular due to its portability and large sound.They are commonly used by drum kit drummers in rock music.Played with a nylon tip drumstick they sound a bit like the coil chimes in a mantle clock.Some have holes in the centre, but they are mounted like all suspended gongs by other holes near the rim.Planet gongs
A series of 14 tuned gongs by Paiste, ranging in size from 24" to 38".They are tuned to the vibrational frequencies of the planets, sun, and moon, as determined by Swiss mathematician, Hans Cousto.Earth Gong vibrates at a frequency of 136.Sound Creation gongs
A series of 10 theme gongs by Paiste, ranging in size from 11" to 60".Other uses
In older Javanese usage and in modern Balinese usage, gong is used to identify an ensemble of instruments.In contemporary central Javanese usage, the term gamelan is preferred and the term gong is reserved for the gong ageng, the largest instrument of the type, or for surrogate instruments such as the gong komodong or gong bumbu (blown gong) which fill the same musical function in ensembles lacking the large gong.In Balinese usage, gong refers to Gamelan Gong Kebyar.Another type of drum is the "slit gong" or slit drum.The people of Vanuatu in particular, cut a large log with 'totem' type carvings on the outer surface and hollow out the centre leaving only a slit down the front.Gongs vary in diameter from about 20 to 40 inches, and they are made of bronze containing a maximum of 22 parts of tin to 78 of copper; but in many cases the proportion of tin is considerably less.Such an alloy, when cast and allowed to cool slowly, is excessively brittle, but it can be tempered and annealed in a peculiar manner.In these properties it will be observed, the alloy behaves in a manner exactly opposite to steel, and the Chinese avail themselves of the known peculiarities for preparing the thin sheets of which gongs are made.The composition of the alloy of bronze used for making gongs is stated to be as follows: Copper, 76.Gongs may have been used on towers in place of place of Bells for which the Orintal countries are famous for because some of their bells are of monster size.The gong has been effectively used in the orchestra to intensify the impression of fear and horror in melodramatic scenes.Joseph Gossec in the funeral march composed at the death of Mirabeau in 1791.Meyerbeer made use of the instrument in the scene of the resurrection of the three nuns in Robert le diable.Bayreuth in Parsifal to reinforce the bell instruments, although there is no indication given in the score.Railcar mounted
The signal bell mounted on a tram, streetcar, cable car or light rail train is known as a gong.It is sounded to act as a warning in areas where whistles and horns are prohibited.The "Clang" of the trolley refers to the sound made by the warning gong.In the Tram controls, the gong is operated by a foot lever.It operated by the conductor to notify the motorman that it is safe to proceed.Rail crossing
A railroad crossing with a flashing traffic signal or wigwag will also typically have a warning bell, also known as a gong.Many railroad crossing gongs are now being replaced by electronic sounding devices that have no moving parts to fail.This type of gong is actually a bell.Thus we see further corruption here of the term gong.The expression "saved by the bell" refers to the gong sounding the end of a boxing round.Theater
Electromechanical, electromagnetic or electronic devices producing sound of gong have been installed in Czech theaters to gather audience from lounge to auditorium before show begins or proceeds after interlude.Time Signal
German radio uses the gong sound to mark the exact time.Gongs in popular culture
Gongs have been used in upper class households as waking devices, or to summon domestic help.Rex (Marc Bolan) had a hit song on his album Electric Warrior called Get it On (Bang a Gong).This iconic figure is known as the "gongman."The gong is also the last instrument played in the live version of "Whole Lotta Love".In The Addams Family television show, the sound of the gong (activated by a bell pull) would summon Lurch the family butler.The gong was used to signal the failure of an act by the show's panel.John Bonham used a gong in the piece Moby Dick by Led Zeppelin.Saucerful of Secrets and Set the Controls for the Heart of the Sun.The latter was when the gong would burst into flames during live performances.An eerie gong sounds in WWE superstar The Undertaker's entrance music as well as in the older versions.In the British military "gong" is slang for a medal.The "sun gong" used in the annual Paul Winter Winter Solstice Celebration held at the Cathedral of Saint John the Divine, New York is claimed to be the world's largest tam tam gong at 7 feet in diameter.References
Luobowan Han Dynasty Tombs in Guixian County (Guangxi Zuang A.Britannica Eleventh Edition, a publication now in the public domain.An online textbook about Southern Pilipino Kulintang Music with an extensive section devoted to the Philippine gongs: the kulintang, gandingan, agung and the babendil.Various plain and nipple gongs manufactured in Nepal with various decorations and engravings.This page was last modified 23:05, 29 December 2007.All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License.See Copyrights for details.Their music has also been described as space rock.Others who have, albeit briefly, played in Gong are Bill Bruford, Brian Davison and Chris Cutler.Pierre Moerlen's Gong, have become known as the Gong Global Family.United Kingdom due to a visa complication.Laperrousaz invited the band back to France to record the soundtrack of his movie Continental Circus.Gong played at the first Glastonbury Festival in June 1971, which they followed up with a UK tour the following Autumn.Gong released their Camembert Electrique album.After the band signed with Virgin, subsidiary Caroline Records "Camembert" was given a belated UK release in late 1974.It was priced at 59p (that is, the price of a typical single rather than an album), ensuring that sufficient numbers were sold for the album to chart had it not been barred from the charts for being so cheap.The band continued, touring the UK in November 1975 (as documented on the 2005 release Live in Sherwood Forest '75) and working on their next album Shamal, but Hillage, who had been the band's de facto leader since Allen's exit, and his partner Miquette Giraudy, who had taken over from Smyth in late 1974, left before Shamal was released in early 1976.Expresso, and from 1978 on, as Pierre Moerlen's Gong.Now), while Smyth formed a separate band: Mother Gong.Reunions and Acid Mothers Gong
After spending most of the Eighties in his native Australia, Allen returned to the UK in 1988 with a new project, the Invisible Opera Company of Tibet, whose revolving cast included the likes of Harry Williamson, violinist Graham Clark and Didier Malherbe.This morphed into GongMaison and by 1992, the name Gong was again in use, by which time original drummer Pip Pyle had also rejoined.The band released the album Shapeshifter (subsequently dubbed Radio Gnome part 4), followed by extensive touring.This formed the basic of the "Classic Gong" band which toured worldwide from 1996 to 2001 and released Zero to Infinity in 2000 (by Allen, Smyth, Howlett and Malherbe plus new recruits Theo Travis and Chris Taylor).Acid Mothers Gong, including Acid Mothers Temple member Kawabata Makoto and University Of Errors guitarist Josh Pollock."Gong Family Unconvention" (Uncon), the first of which was held in 2004 in the Glastonbury Assembly rooms as a one day event.Here and Now, System 7, House of Thandoy and Kangaroo Moon.Now, Mother Gong, Zorch, Eat Static, Acid Mothers Gong, Slack Baba, Kangaroo Moon and many others.Glastonbury Fayre (Gong contribute one side to this live triple album, including a piece that is interrupted by "the generator packing up".Greasy Truckers Live at Dingwalls Dance Hall (Gong contribute one side to this double album along with Henry Cow, Camel and the Global Village Trucking Company.The Gong tracks are not in fact 'live' performances.Gong est mort, vive Gong!The World of Daevid Allen and Gong (a 3 CD collection with no original material, but which includes almost all of the Radio Gnome trilogy, tracks from early albums including four each from Camembert Electrique and Bananamoon and selections of Daevid Allen's later work with Planet Gong and New York Gong.Planet Gong: Tribal Heart: Gig History: 1977.Further reading
Daevid Allen's first volume of memoirs Gong Dreaming 1 have been reissued in January 2007.This page was last modified 23:51, 16 November 2007.How to find an
academic job?Gong, Monitoring of invasive Tamarix distribution and
effects of biological control with airborne hyperspectral remote sensing, IJRS.Gong, Examining the effects of resolution on classification accuracy: an urban
environmental case, International Journal of Remote Sensing.Larrieu, Extraction of red edge optical parameters from
Hyperion data for forest LAI estimation.Biging, Simple calibration of AVIRIS data and LAI mapping of
forest plantation in southern Argentina, IJRS.Soil
diversity and land use in the United States, Ecosystems.Estimation of forest leaf area index using vegetation indices derived
from Hyperion hyperspectral data.Information fusion for land use classification from high resolution
imagery, IEEE Trans.International
Journal of Remote Sensing.Spectral absorption
features as indicators of water status in Quercus Agrifolia leaves, IJRS.Crown closure estimation of
oak savannah in a dry season with Landsat TM imagery: Comparison of Various
Indices through Correlation Analysis, IJRS.International Journal of Remote
Sensing.True orthoimage production from large
scale aerial photographs.Improvement of oak canopy
model extracted from digital photogrammetry.Landsat TM
data, International Journal of Remote
Sensing.In situ hyperspectral data analysis for nutrient estimation
of giant sequoia.Conifer species recognition: effects of data transformation and band
width, IJRS.AVHRR, International
Journal of Remote Sensing.Science, Sept 22, 2000:2049.Journal
of Range Management.International Journal of Remote
Sensing.Journal of Remote Sensing.Linear feature
modeling with curve fitting: parametric polynomial techniques.Remote
Sensing of Environment.Journal
of Remote Sensing.Metabolic and
phenological response of vegetation to temperature gradient: evidence derived
from AVHRR data.Gong,
Robert Spear, and Xueguang Gu, 1996.Coniferous forest leaf area index estimation along a
transect in Oregon using Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager data.Characterizing spatial structure of tree canopy using colour photographs
and mathematical morphology.An integrated
database for climate change impact assessment.Canadian Journal of
Remote Sensing.GPS approach to the georeferencing of remotely sensed data.The Development and Potentials of Geographic
Information Systems: Science Press, Beijing, China, pp.Estimation of
coniferous forest leaf area index along the Oregon transect using CASI
data.Change detection using
principal component analysis and fuzzy set theory.Registration noise reduction in difference images for change
detection.Carto 10,
Advanced Research in Automated Cartography and GIS, pp.Gong, and others, 2000.Science Press,
Beijing, China, 186 p.Renz, American Society for
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland, 2003.Remote Sensing of Human Settlements
(edited by M.Renz, American Society for Photogrammetry
and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland, 2003.Hyperspectral Remote Sensing (edited by
E.Ryerson, American Society for
Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Bethesda, Maryland, 2002.Forestry applications, in the
volume of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing (edited
by E.Fabbri, Gabor Gaal and Richard B.McCammon Kluwer Academic
Press, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.Large geographic information systems
design: an example of the Alberta Land Related Information System, in Gong P.GIS in China: opportunities and challenges, in Gong P.The Association
of Chinese Professionals in GIS, Berkeley, California.Use of digital photogrammetry and multispectral remote sensing techniques
to derive precise ecological measurements.We are developing an integrated system that combines digital camera with GPS
and Inertial Navigation Systems.Our goal is to develop algorithms to precisely
measure tree heights, crown closure, stand density, volume, and identify tree
species.Develop and assess a global temperature and CO2 coupled model to predict
the global temperature and Carbon cycling.Classification
uncertainty modeling using Bayesian, evidential reasoning, and neural network
schemes.Not the Li Gong you're looking for?Actress, Self, Archive FootageActress:In Production2000s1990s1980sRipley's Believe It or Not!Hannibal Rising (2007) (as Gong Li) ....Le origini del male (Italy) ...Les origines du mal (France) Man cheng jin dai huang jin jia (2006) ....Curse of the Golden Flower (International: English title) Miami Vice (2006) (as Gong Li) ....Eros (France) 2046 (2004) ....Zhou Yu's Train (Hong Kong: English title) (USA: literal English title) Piao liang ma ma (2000) ....VivianFeng yue (1996) ....Pan Yu Liang, a Woman Painter ...Dragon Chronicles: The Maidens ...Tong Pak Fu dim Chou Heung (Hong Kong: Cantonese title) Ba wang bie ji (1993) ....Ba wong bit gei (Hong Kong: Cantonese title) ...Mary from Beijing (Hong Kong: English title) ...Raise the Red Lantern (USA) Du xia II: Shang Hai tan du sheng (1991) (as Gong Li) ....God of Gamblers III ...Knight of Gamblers II: Shanghai Beach's Saint of Gamblers (Hong Kong: English title: literal title) Ju Dou (1990) ....Terracotta Warrior (Europe: English title) ...Gu jin da zhan qin yon qing ...Operation Cougar (Hong Kong: English title) ...The Puma Action Hoi sam gui miu ba (1989) Xi tai hou (1989) ....My GrandmaSelf:2000s1990sSecrets Within: Behind the Scenes of 'Curse of the Golden Flower' (2007) (V) ....Miami Vice: Undercover (2006) TV episode ....Herself2006 Asian Excellence Awards (2006) (TV) ....Episode dated 20 May 2002 (2002) TV episode (as Gong Li) ....Episode dated 27 April 1996 (1996) TV episode ....HerselfHaomen yeyan (1991) ....Who is prettier Zhang Ziyi or Gong li?Where are you, Gong Li?You may report errors and omissions on this page to the IMDb database managers.They will be examined and if approved will be included in a future update.To make the sound of a gong.Then he remembered that it was no fun being angry unless he had some one to frighten and make miserable, and he rushed to his big gong and made it clatter as loud as he could.Frank View in contextIt was an appropriate relief when the gong sounded for prayer meeting.The Innocents Abroad by Twain, Mark View in contextThe clang of the gong pierced his breast like a noise of remembered war.This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional.Canterbury Rock group formed by Australian guitarist (formerly of SOFT MACHINE) Daevid Allan in Paris, France in 1968.Gilli performed the spacey vocals."Camembert Electrique" are great places to start for anyone interesting in GONG.Gilli performed the spacey vocals."Camembert Electrique" are great places to start for anyone interesting in GONG.GONG, but the Canterbury humor is still there."Gong Live" features a good compilation of tracks performed live would also be good starter album.Mother GongDiscography:With original year of issue and format.Gong fan master right now for cl (4 replies)Gong album question (16 replies)Gong Google Earth.Gong video documents (1 replies)Gong Fan Central (62 replies)Gong vs.This noscript section of this tag only shows image banners.Getting Started: How to Sell on eBay ?Radio Gnome Invisible Vol.Radio Gnome Invisible Vol.Steve Hillage, his wife and Tim Blake, the You trio, were also gone.Fantastic desert photo gracing the gatefold.Daevid is gone, Gong remains a first class group although in a very different field of excellence.Studio Album, 1974)
Avg: 4.Radio Gnome Invisible Vol.If it wasn't for You by Gong I wouldn't be into any of the music I love so dearly now.Sprinkling of Clouds, Master Builder, and YNBYTF are my favorite.This album will send you on a trip, sober or not.Again, an absolute masterpiece.My introduction to Gong was this album.I'll always remember the first time my ears pricked: it was about 10 years ago and
me and a friend were playing Worms on the Playstation when he put on a tape for the background...You
Can't Kill Me makes after a couple of minutes with I'll be seeing you again...Then came I've bin stoned before...And after the furious Dynamite and tender
anthem Tried So Hard I was a confirmed fan and demanded to hear the album again.My Gongness reached its peak when I saw them (Daevid, Gilly and all) live supporting The Orb at the Royal Festival Hall in
London in, I think, 2002.After the gig (which was superb) my Planet Gongness slowed down and I pursued other music.It now sounds mostly weak, dated and
silly but still retains strong emotional value.Flying Teapot the more interesting Gong album from a prog point of
view.Studio Album, 1969)
Avg: 3.Great"Magick Brother" is really an underrated album in my opinion, and carries with it some amazing Gong moments and is overall great.Here is another mind blower that I did not see coming.Gong is at their PRIME when performing on this, which is not heard on any other live record.Gong fan, especially if you love YOU, because it is mostly YOU material.Gong and it is worth it JUST for that!Prog Archives, All rights reserved.Eight More Falun Gong Deaths in China Come to Light
The Falun Dafa Information Center has learned the details of eight additional deaths of Falun Gong adherents in China, resultant from state persecution.The deaths came to light during the month of November.Falun Gong Refugees Land Safely on U.Falun Gong refugees, including a famous Chinese sculptor, to safety in America the Falun Dafa Information Center said Tuesday.The six, who arrived together last week, are among a larger contingent of Falun Gong adherents who have survived persecution in China before fleeing to Thailand.Beijing Olympic organizers have openly expressed a policy banning Falun Gong adherents from attending the 2008 summer Olympics, the Falun Dafa Information Center reported Wednesday.Wang Junhua was detained in the Gaoyang Forced Labor Camp in Hebei Province.On the morning of May 1, 2005 she was forced to go out to work, and later disappeared.CW: A Witness to How the CCP's Courts Treat Falun Gong Practitioners
(Clearwisdom) As a resident of Hong Kong, I had often seen the Falun Gong informational materials that told how the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) authorities are persecuting the group.Because the Party claimed the human rights situation was the best during these years, I wondered whether the persecution was really so horrible.Was it true that Falun Gong practitioners were allowed no human rights at all?My misgivings were finally cleared up after witnessing a court hearing against some Falun Gong practitioners in Zhuhai City, in nearby Guangdong Province.Lu Yuankun from Benxi City, Liaoning Province has been missing since his arrest in Zhengzhou City on April 19, 2002.It is uncertain whether he is still alive.More than 6,000 sentenced to prison terms of
up to 18 years.PDF for offline viewing.The Origins of Qigong
2.Qi and Gong
3.Gong Potency and Supernormal Abilities
4.Qigong Treatments and Hospital Treatments
6.Buddha School Qigong and Buddhism
7.Characteristics of Falun Gong Cultivation
4.Simultaneous Cultivation of Zhen, Shan, and Ren
4.Cultivation of a Falun; No Cultivation or Formation of Dan.Cultivating the Main Consciousness so that You Obtain Gong.Cultivation of Both Mind and Body.No Use of Mental Activities, No Going Awry, and a Rapid Increase of Gong.Usage notes
English transcriptions of Chinese speech often fail to distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Chinese language, using words such as this one without the appropriate indication of tone. |
